Domodedovo International Airport (Russian: ?????????? ???????? ???????????; IPA: [d?m?'d??d?v?]) (IATA: DME, ICAO: UUDD) is an international airport located on the territory of Domodedovo, Moscow Oblast, Russia, 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-southeast from the centre of Moscow. Domodedovo is one of the three major Moscow airports along with Sheremetyevo and Vnukovo, as well as one of the largest airports in Russia and the former USSR in terms of passenger and cargo traffic. In 2015 it served 30,504,515 passengers, a reduction of 7.7% compared to 2014, making it the second busiest airport in Russia. Domodedovo is Moscow's only privately owned airport, believed to be owned by Russian businessman Dmitry Kamenshchik.
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History
The airport is named after the town of Domodedovo, on the territory of which it is located.
Survey work on the construction of the new Capital Airport began in 1948, after the relevant decision of the Politburo. Then it was described as a special "facility No306".
In 1951 the first preparatory work on its construction began: cutting firebreaks, the construction of access roads, including roads branch from Paveletskaya.
1954 Resolution of the Council of Ministers of 13 November, approved the proposal of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet under the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the construction of the second airport of the Moscow civil air fleet near the village Elgazin Podolsky (now Domodedovo) Moscow Oblast.
In 1958 a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers instructed to complete construction of the first stage of the airport in 1962.
In 1962 Order of the Head of Main Directorate of Civil Aviation issued on April 7 No 200 "On the organization of the Moscow Domodedovo airport" ordered to "organize as part of the Moscow Transport Aviation Management Directorate the new airport, and continue to call it the Moscow Domodedovo Airport. Therefore, April 7, 1962 is considered the official birthday of the airport. By the end of 1962, after the official approbation, the airport began send and receive postal and cargo planes.
Services from Domodedovo began in March 1964 with a flight to Sverdlovsk using a Tupolev 104. The airport, intended to handle the growth of long-distance domestic traffic in the Soviet Union, was officially opened in May 1965. A second runway, parallel to the existing one, was put into service 18 months after the opening of the airport. On 26 December 1975, Domodedovo Airport was selected for the inaugural flight of the Tupolev Tu-144 to Alma Ata.
In 1993-1994, East Line Group, founded by Urals entrepreneurs Anton Bakov and Dmitry Kamenschik, who built capital in the early 1990s on hauling cargo from Asian countries to Russia, invested in several facilities at Domodedovo, including a new customs terminal and catering services. In late 1996, Kamenschik-led East Line Group privatized the terminal facilities of Domodedovo Airport and formed JSC 'International Airport Domodedovo' and several other commercial entities controlling the airfield operations at the airport. Since 1998, the runways, air traffic control, and communication facilities are formally on a lease to the subsidiary of East Line Group. Later, in 2005 and 2008, the legality of these deals with East Line Group was contested by the Russian Rosimushchestvo government agency supervising the state property.
East Line's strategic goal to stabilize the airport's future and to establish Domodedovo as an important international and multi-modal transportation hub was gradually achieved throughout the 2000s (decade). In the 2000s (decade), East Line Group began to heavily invest in reconstruction and modernization of the outdated airport facilities.
In 2000, as a result of reconstruction, the capacity of the airport complex has reached 6000 passengers per hour: MVL - 2800 passengers per hour, DAL - 3200 passengers / hour. As a result of this work Domodedovo airport terminal was the first in Russia to successfully pass the certification to ISO 9001: 2000.
In 2003, the authoritative British magazine Airline Business has recognized the dynamics of growth in passenger traffic of Domodedovo highest among the 150 largest airports in the world. In 2004, the air harbor is among the hundred of the leading airports in the world, and by 2005 became the leader in terms of passenger traffic in the Moscow aviation hub and holds the palm for over 10 years.
By 2009, the terminal floor space was expanded to 135,000 sq. meters from 70,000 sq. meters in 2004. The renovated terminal and airport facilities allowed the owners of the airport to attract British Airways, El Al, Swiss International Air Lines, Japan Airlines, Austrian Airlines, and Vietnam Airlines who moved their flights from another major international Moscow airport, Sheremetyevo Airport, to Domodedovo. Domodedovo topped Sheremetyevo Airport in terms of passenger traffic becoming the busiest airport in Russia. By 2010, the traffic at Domodedovo spiked to over 22 million passengers per year from 2.8 million in 2000.
Domodedovo is Russia's first airport to have parallel runways operating simultaneously. Since the air traffic control tower was redeveloped in 2003, Domodedovo can control over 70 takeoffs and landings per hour. By late in the 1st decade of the 21st century, the airport had five business lounges set up by individual airlines.
In 2003, the airport began an expansion program designed to obtain approval for wide-body aircraft operations. The runway, taxiways, and parking areas were enlarged and strengthened. In March 2009, it was announced that the approval had been granted, making Domodedovo Airport the first in Russia approved for new large aircraft (NLA) operations such as the Airbus A380. The approval signifies that its operations areas comply with size and strength requirements of ICAO Category F standards. The airport has ILS category III A status.
Domodedovo Airport has been the focus of two terrorist-related incidents. In 2004, Muslim suicide bombers managed to pass airport security, board two passenger planes, and carry out the bombings after departure from Domodedovo. Despite the heightened security measures taken after this incident, another suicide bomber attack occurred on 24 January 2011, when an Islamist militant entered the terminal building and detonated a bomb in the arrival hall. As a result, mandatory screening and pat-down practices have been introduced at the airport terminal entrances.
The identity of East Line's owners controlling the operations at Domodedovo Airport was vague with traces leading to offshore companies. However, in May 2011, Dmitry Kamenschik was disclosed to be the main beneficiary of East Line's assets. At that time, Domodedovo Airport contemplated IPO, however these plans were scrapped.
Domodedovo International Airport Video
Future development
As of January 2016, new concourse extensions adjacent to the current terminal building are under construction. The construction is projected to increase the overall size of the passenger terminal to 225,000 m2. The extensions are opened in stages in 2012-2014. In May 2015, the new extension of terminal A (the main building) was finished, which contains new offices, an airport lounge and new passport control desks, and it differs by design compared to other terminal parts. When completed, the second segment of a new passenger terminal will be twice the size of Terminal 5 at London Heathrow - the equivalent of 61 football fields. New premises area of 235,000 sq. meters (segment T2) will be mounted to the left wing of the existing terminal. There will be about 100 check-in counters, 40 self check-in kiosk, as well as special jetways for the world's largest passenger aircraft Airbus A380. As a result, the total area of the passenger terminal (including the expansion of the current main segment T1) will increase by more than double to nearly 500,000 square meters. It was designed by British company RMJM and uses the under-the-roof concept, which means that passengers from all flights will be serviced within a single terminal. One of Europe's largest air hubs - Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport - operates under this concept. The complete construction will be complete by 2017. All concourses will remain connected and plan to increase the efficiency of the airport operations and passenger connections by using ICAO and IATA transfer technologies.
Terminals
Domodedovo Airport has one terminal building comprising two separate concourses for domestic (and some former Soviet republic countries) and international flights, respectively. It has 22 jetways altogether.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter services to and from Domodedovo:
Cargo
Other facilities
- Russian Sky Airlines has its head office on the airport property.
- When Domodedovo Airlines existed, its head office was on the airport property.
Ground transportation
Rail
The airport has a railway station with service to the Paveletsky Rail Terminal in central Moscow. The rail connection which was completed in 2002 is provided by nonstop Aeroexpress trains (takes 45 min; coach class costs 470 rubles, business class costs 1000 rubles).
Regular suburban commuter trains on Paveletsky suburban direction of Moscow Railway take 65 to 70 min and cost 99 rubles but are infrequent during the day.
Bus
Connection to Moscow is served by bus 308 (ample luggage room) and commercial marshrutka minivans (more frequent departures): to Domodedovskaya of Moscow Metro Zamoskvoretskaya Line (#2). Fare is 150 rubles (eq. to 2 US$), travel time around 45 minutes.
Local buses 11, 26, 30 serve the link to nearest towns and connect to the railway station on Paveletsky suburban direction of Moscow Railway at Domodedovo municipality.
Bus 999 is South-East bound and connects the airport to Bronnitsy, Kolomna and Ryazan.
Road
The airport has several long and short term parking lots. The terminal itself is accessed from the junction of Moscow Ring Road and Kashirskoye Highway via a designated 14 mile-long four-lane freeway. Licensed taxi, limo services, and car rental (Hertz, Avis, and Sixt) providers are available at the counters of the arrival hall. Uber, Gett, Yandex.Taxi and local E-hailing applications can be used and may offer flat rate trips to anywhere in Moscow.
Accidents and incidents
- On 5 December 1999, a cargo variant of the Ilyushin Il-114 crashed during a test flight at Domodedovo, killing five and injuring two.
- On 22 March 2010, a Tu-204 operating Aviastar-TU Flight 1906, a ferry flight without passengers and with 8 crew from Hurghada, Egypt, crashed in a forest 2 km away from the airport while trying to land in fog. There were no fatalities and the crew escaped the crashed aircraft on their own, but four of them were seriously injured.
- On 4 December 2010, South East Airlines Flight 372 made an emergency landing at Domodedovo, killing two people and injuring 56.
- On 24 January 2011 the baggage claim area of the airport became the scene of the Domodedovo International Airport bombing that killed 37 people and injured 173 others, including 86 who had to be hospitalised.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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